1、(花了九牛二虎之力翻的，可能有些专业术语不对，见谅)... per step are possible.……每一步都是有可能发生的。

(资料图片)

2、As a digital-to-analog converter produces unwanted ohmic heat in the controller, pulse-width modulation is used instead to regulate the mean current.由于数字-模拟转换器会在控制器内产生多余的欧姆热，人们改用脉冲宽度调制来控制平均电流。

3、Simpler models switch voltage only for doing a step, thus needing an extra currentlimiter: for every step, they switch a single cable to the motor.较简单的型号仅靠一步来转换电压(每步都要给马达转换一条单独的线)，因此需要额外的限流器。

4、Bipolar controllers can switch between supply voltage, ground, and unconnected.双极控制器能够在工作电源，地线和未连接的电线之间切换Unipolar controllers can only connect or disconnect a cable, because the voltage is already hard wired.单极控制器只能连接或断开接线，因为电源接线是固定的。

5、Unipolar controllers need center-tapped windings.单极控制器需要中心抽头绕组。

6、It is possible to drive unipolar stepper motors with bipolar drivers.使用多极驱动器可以驱动单极步进马达。

7、The idea is to connect the output pins of the driver to 4 transistors.该方法是将驱动器的输出插脚链接到4晶体管。

8、The transistor must be grounded at the emitter and the driver pin must be connected to the base.晶体管必须接地在发射器上，并且驱动器插脚必须连接到基座上。

9、Collector is connected to the coil wire of the motor.集电环需要连接到马达的线圈上。

10、Stepper motors are rated by the torque they produce.步进马达依靠自身产生的扭矩达到额定。

11、Synchronous electric motors using soft magnetic materials (having a core) have the ability to provide position holding torque (called detent torque, and sometimes included in the specifications) while not driven electrically.使用软性磁力材料(有核心的)同步电动马达当没有通电时能够产生锁定位置的扭矩(称为“detent torque”，“定子锁住转子的力矩”，有时包含在说明书里)。

12、To achieve full rated torque, the coils in a stepper motor must reach their full rated current during each step.要达到完全额定扭矩，步进马达里的线圈必须在每一步达到完全额定电流。

13、The voltage rating (if there is one) is almost meaningless.额定电压(如果有)几乎是毫无意义的。

14、The motors also su_er from EMF, which means that once the coil is turned on it starts to generate current because the motor is still rotating.[单词无完整]，也就是说一旦线圈开启，马达将开始产生电流，因为马达仍然在转动。

15、There needs to be an explicit way to handle this extra current in a circuit otherwise it can cause damage and affect performance of the motor.要应付这种电路里的额外电流，需要详尽的方法。

16、否则它将引起故障并影响马达性能6.1.2 Applications6.1.2 应用Computer-controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when digitally controlled as part of a servo system.电脑控制的步进马达是最多功能的定位系统之一，特别是当它成为伺服系统的数字化控制的一部分时。

17、Stepper motors are used in floppy disk drives, flat bed scanners, printers, plotters and many more devices.步进马达用于软驱、平板式扫描仪、打印机、绘图仪等多种设备。

18、Note that hard drives no longer use stepper motors to position theread/write heads, instead utilising a voice coil and servo feedback for head positioning.要注意硬盘已经不再使用步进马达进行读写头的定位，取而代之的是使用音圈和伺服回馈来定位读写头。

19、Stepper motors can also be used for positioning of valve pilot stages, for uidcontrol systems.步进马达也可用来定位阀的样品试制阶段和UID控制系统。

20、(花了九牛二虎之力翻的，可能有些专业术语不对，见谅)。

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